Spelling

Spelling is the writing of a word or words with the necessary letters and diacritics present in an accepted standard order, "the conventions which determine how the graphemes of a writing system are used to write a language". It is one of the elements of orthography and a prescriptive element of language.

Spellings attempt to transcribe the sounds of the language according to the alphabetic principle, but fully phonetic spellings are exceptions in many languages for various reasons. Pronunciation changes over time in all languages, yet spelling is irregular in most languages and rare in some. In addition, words from other languages may be adopted without being adapted to the spelling system, non-standard spellings are often adopted after extensive common usage, and different meanings of a word or homophones may be deliberately spelled in different ways to differentiate them visually.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelling